Shape Memory Alloys


Shape memory alloys are a class of metal alloys with special mechanical proprieties. Their main feature consists in returning to a pre-set shape by simply undergoing a temperature or stress change. The high performance of these alloys, normally NiTi, is due to a special solid state phases’ change, called martensitic thermoplastic change, caused by temperature or tensile stress changes. A further effect, commonly known as pseudo plasticity or super elasticity, occurs when the material is subjected to strong deformations. In such case, the strong stress causes the phase change with the macroscopic effect of a material recovering deformations in an apparently elastic manner. It is obvious how such shape memory materials can be used to the most diverse applications and, generally, whenever an actuation is required and actuator miniaturization or changeover are needed (e.g. Electrical motors, solenoids or pneumatic actuators). On the other hand, super elastic materials are used whenever an elastic material with an elasticity degree higher than rdinary steel, as for glass frames is required.

 

 


 

 

 

 

 

 

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